Consciousness may emerge not from code, but from the way living brains physically compute.

Why do humans have consciousness? The arguments surrounding this question make it one of the most animated debates in contemporary philosophy. One reason why consciousness so vexes academic ...

Consciousness research in 2025 has shifted from abstract philosophy to concrete lab results, with competing theories now ...

The universe has no brain. It has no gray matter, no nervous system, no neurons firing electrical impulses—and yet, that ...

Consciousness is arguably the most important scientific topic there is. Without consciousness, there would, after all, be no science. But while we all know what it is like to be conscious — meaning ...

A new theoretical framework argues that the long-standing split between computational functionalism and biological naturalism misses how real brains actually compute.

As you read this, it is likely you are conscious. After all, you are seeing words and are aware of their meanings. You may also be aware of your phone or computer screen and some of the things ...

A single psychedelic experience increased a range of non-physicalist beliefs, such as consciousness, meaning and purpose, researchers reported in the Journal of Psychopharmacology. “Guardrails against ...

There is no question that my love of language is an inherited trait. My father was a lay linguist, in addition to being a teacher, writer, and public intellectual. In the last few years of his life, ...