Texts used in second language (L2) classrooms have traditionally been simplified manually. With recent technological advances, text can be simplified automatically through artificial ...

As more states and districts are embracing the “science of reading,” some educators and advocates have raised the question: Will these methods work for English-language learners? The “science of ...

For students learning a second or foreign language, text is often simplified to ensure that they can comprehend it well enough to understand the core message. Usually, complicated text in a foreign ...