FM synthesis can be notoriously tricky. For all the success of Yamaha's DX7 in the 1980s, its bafflingly mathematical system of operators and algorithms, and the seemingly endless parameter menus, ...

FM synthesis has a reputation for being an unwieldy technique with a learning curve as steep as a square wave, demanding technical expertise well beyond the abilities of your average bedroom ...

First up, an operator is just an oscillator with another name. The difference between an oscillator in subtractive synthesis and an operator in FM is simply that an operator doesn't necessarily ...