SnO 2 has been widely used as electron transport layers (ETLs) for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its high transparency, high electron mobility, and favorable band alignment. PSCs ...

What are Metal Oxide Nanoparticles? Metal oxide nanoparticles are a class of nanomaterials composed of metal cations bonded to oxygen anions, with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers.

Nanoparticles exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties compared to bulk materials, making them valuable in applications such as electronics, photovoltaics, catalysis, and biomedical sciences.