“If you are buying energy from Russia and not helping Ukraine, your goods will face a 500% tariff coming into the United States,” Senator Graham said in an interview. He described the legislation as a “breakthrough” in exerting global pressure on Moscow and noted that Trump had encouraged lawmakers to move forward with the bill.

President Donald Trump’s threat to impose financial penalties on Russia has put the spotlight on the two biggest buyers of Moscow’s crude — India and China — but markets remain skeptical of disruption,