✅ Toxic Megacolon 🔷 Causes: 1️⃣ Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 2️⃣ Infectious colitis 3️⃣ Ischemic colitis 4️⃣ Medications (e.g., opioids) ♦️ Diagnosis: 🩻 Colonic dilation ≥ 6 cm (usually the transverse colon) on abdominal X-ray or CT scan 🚨 Management: 1️⃣ ICU care 2️⃣ NPO (bowel rest) 3️⃣ IV fluids with electrolyte correction 4️⃣ IV broad-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., piperacillin–tazobactam) 5️⃣ Steroids for IBD-related cases 6️⃣ Early surgical consultation | إستشاري امراض الباطنة والكبد د